Blog Post Constittioal Order
It all begins with an idea.
Analytical Paper Constitutional Order
Within the national growth of the U.S. there is a pressing issue to the people's welfare. In the history of political exploration to relativism and positivism philosophies and norms the nation's discourse in the modern-day fabric of politics to welfare is questioned in constitutional odder, quasi-law and the legal nature of the administrative law (Frohnen, B. P. & Carey, G. W., 2016; Higgs, R., 2012). Whittington, K. E. (2017) states “In the late eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries, states‐ men recognized that political representation in a republic could reflect three distinct things: property, people, and political communities.” The architecture of Article I embodies and rec‐ onciles all three forms of representation” (p. 575).
If the process of the three forms challenges power, rights, and authority amongst the people (Strang, L. J., 2019) does this order have any precedence to the intentional need? The words and language in the constitution’s preamble; liberty, justice, and happiness read as being obtainable to all American people. What happens when this is found to be untrue (Hamburger, P.,2014)?
When the welfare, of the American people is at stake by no fault of their own, the fear of freedom, provisions and ability to support and provide for the people is of concern at the domestic and global injunctions (Chatterjee, U., Shaw, R., Sivaramakrishnan, L., Mukherjee, J., & Ghosh, R., 2024; Peppercorn, I. G., & Taffin, C., 2013. The respect of the nation and its integrity is questioned as a global leader and at face value the general welfare solution to housing, poverty and homelessness relates in many cases to third-world country degradation. (SURVEY FINDS LACK OF AFFORDABLE HOUSING THE LEADING CAUSE OF HOMELESSNESS IN THE UNITED STATES. (2005).
The question to be answered asks what impact does open constitutional order and public policy language have on the nation's domestic public policy on economic housing and shelters? This issue is not a new one, and the numbers across the nation are a constant service need rather than sporadic service measure towards stable responsible effort.
In this paper the term shelter is interchangeable with the word and language associated with homeless policy and laws. Definitions for homelessness, shelters are seen as a federal measurable resource by the United Staes Department of the Housing and Urban Development. This is a question I feel is not the norm in public policy and it is not a national concern. The problem is a non-governmental business, not a local state entity agenda and is predicated on a Presidential administrative platform. Thus, public policy for economic housing and shelter system is overly broad as it pertains to housing. There is a cohesive ideology and belief within the nation on what would cause a need to utilize social welfare like the shelter system.
However, this is not a social welfare policy paper nor a criminogenic issue paper. It is a predicator of shelter system policy as it relates to housing regulation and application. Addressing the nation's problem, the paper hopes to identify the norm principal order in the open construct. Because this is not a new issue and has failed in many events on actions to be heard directly within the governance. The paper will attempt to explain the order of domestic public policy practice in economic housing, and the shelter system.
Consequently, any attempt at this analytical discussion will be limited to existing scholarly work. The research question is a concerning issue in and amongst the three government branches. And it has been for the past 70 years. In the extensive measures of platforms, issues such as public law; regulations at the state level, and legal issues to homeless (human) rights, will not be discussed. but suggest a need for ongoing research and discussion to improve the shelter systems public policy to positive outcomes to economics and housing (see appendixes A and B).
First the Christian scholarly on the quality of the life while living in the uncertainty. It will then talk about the original intent to the Constitution and public welfare, specifically the preamble and article I and IV of the Constitution regarding constitutional order, domestic public policy, economics and public warfare. Next it will identify the legal precedence through past administrative programs on housing and the shelter system. Then correlate economics and housing loopholes in the shelter policy. In conclusion the paper will tell how this contributes to new scholarly knowledge to improve the national shelter system.
Christian Scholar
As a Christian scholar, my research question is to advance the causes of liberty and human flourishing. It is my position that the U.S. government was founded by men of the cloth. Men who believed in the pure nature of a good man and that with this nature all people are created equal and should be treated as well. Christ as set for us a walk of freedom and the liberation. The true fight of the justice and democracy leaving the new world a light that can only be gotten through the natural God in all man's creation. The natural man must adhere to this walk as a duty and obedience to the future walk in creation. Set in the first laws to life's morality and rule to obligation the Christian Walk seeks the early resting place to that the heavenly can become. A peaceful place of being, a spiritual place of knowing and having.
There are many mansions in heaven, but the orders to man or so that there are many shelters on earth as well. Dwelling places for the mass and for the household. But we as a people must understand that the day of old yet for guidance and the instruction must seek to build in the modern day. Therefore, where Christ as followed so should we.
It is for this reason my research is to provide the level of understanding that will press upon the heart and mind of man to see the need in suppling a quality of life that will grant freedom and justice. The fight for liberty was won, won on with greater knowledge and grace so that the lives of many today and tomorrow will be fulfilled in maturational harmony and peace. The wisdom and knowledge of governance is granted to those who seek the work and this ability be given for the purpose. That is to responsibly “except” anything else a quality of life for “all” men. It is my belief that society has developed a norm, a norm formed from new procedures in governance and law. Quasi Law or the sub constitution, the fourth branch of government and interpretation that guides the original intent of the preamble to the constitution of all men and the equality. Otherwise, the world would not see so many people living in poverty and on the streets.
Original Intent Constitutional Order and Public Welfare
To turn over or around the biblical and the historical intent of any governance one must accept its purpose. in doing so pledge to be a light in practice and process. The original intent of the constitutional order and public welfare are unconscionable in some public goods. The constitution gives agency that is unconfinable of positive action to civil choice.
“It would be the repository of national powers, and the channel of popular energy... Finding a place for Congress within the constitutional order meant appreciating both those virtues and those vices, and finding ways to help realize and take advantage of the benefits that a legislature can bring and of finding ways to curtail the damage that it might do.” (Whittington, K. E., 2017, p. 574).
Servant leader choice and agency are compatible and reliant on governance. I argue it is the responsibility of man's achievement in society measurable upon his success. By virtue, in representation, accountability, deliberation, and transparency of an economy and ability to meet the needs of society independently. This paper argues the current public policy for economic housing stability and the programs for the shelter system are not conscionable and set in the imbalance of constitutional order, quasi law, and progressive norms. All that places domestic housing and shelter system policy at the whim of a left and right blank policy solution. Working policy models, designs, and programs, are left to operate and function in this sub system of housing called shelters where there is no social responsibility in constitutional order.
It is for this reason that shelters domestic, and global can be identified as economic dynamicysism and eco's of financial shocks to program resources (Kiesler, C. A. 1991). It has become impossible to forecast a positive measure in the system unless aligned with an additional subculture like homelessness indicators and variables such as: early head start, foster care, and means tested benefits. These social orders go against the constitutional order of governance for the sake of political actions. With this stressed representation of society, it brings on bias and inequality of a people. This goes against the fabric of the constitutional order. In many instances, circumstances prohibit the ability to exercise rights in a democratic society.
Whittington further states “The financial health of the republic stood on much broader foundations. The people are the source of financial support for the government.” (p. 576) The economic housing and shelter system forecast cannot impel the quality of life. They would be destitute due to tax burden economics v. independent responsibility. If there is a separation of the social status deemed for shelter living, it is a non-constructional order of governance. (Department of Health and Human Services 2024); (United Staes Department of Urban Development 2024). An economic housing and shelter system is applied where the people have the application of the will. Where this right vested to the people of the nation continues in discourse to the extent the nation understands the original intent of the delima to the nation's supreme law and its making. (Clifford, S., & Piston, S., 2017) The original intent of the constitutional order was to secure a new way. The new construct pressed into modern society must become from a stable and reliable construct inclusive to the rights in a democratic republic. narrow in scope and language that can be understood (Gangi, W., 1998) The preamble of the constitution tells us this. Also, the amendments to the constitution in Articles IV with the change of the language from “excepted” to “all.”
Economic Housing and the Shelter System
The economic housing and shelter systemic public policies are too broad and the language is not conducive to the practice for democracy and its republic. This causes policy indecision and failed action in passing an inclusive law. (Whittington, K., 2021) In this section I hope to explain that the issue does not reach a measurable outcome of forecasting policy. (Chatterjee, U., Shaw, R., Sivaramakrishnan, L., Mukherjee, J., & Ghosh, R. (2024) the policy slack in constructional order and quasi-law makes for both stochastic and static dynamical prolonged outcomes. Historically this fits the whole picture for public policy welfare and Presidential orders and regulations. (Higgs, R., 2012; Kiesler, C. A.,1991)
In fact, Under President Roosevelt housing regulation for the nation via a presidential order during the New Deal the National Industrial Recovery Act (NIRA) Power Works program Housing Authority set new precedence to housing for the nation. This prevented prolonged economic housing disaster. Roosevelt's era woke up the constitutional order of intellectual normalcy to policy solutions. The shelter system in and of its purpose, is an emergency solution to a temporary problem. But the emergency identified during the political economy of Roosevelts New Deal in scope and language does not provide economic housing resources.
So, use the shelter system with the thought that I can get help from this system. You would be mistaken and would fall into greater hardship. some areas of concern with this are open-ended language to the constitutional order. The proper utility and deliverable for the people in this subculture of society to engage and act in a democratic lifestyle does not exist. The shelter system does not function and operate under any form of governance and jurisprudence to the land. It functions and operates out of a quasi and constitutional order. Since the amendment to the Constitution; Article IV; there has not been one law signed at the federal level or the state level to address the shortcomings of economics and housing in relation to shelter (see appendix section (B) Current Congressional Bill and Laws).
However, there is public policy in administrative law that prohibits the denial of housing by the housing policy and regulations passed by the supreme court. Yet, the need to provide inclusive diverse rules and application, as well as protocol and process has become a daunting issue to the country. Because current court rulings do not explain nor interpret constitutional order or quasi-law (Williams, N. A., 2021) implementation of inclusive total community connection programs aligned with the nation’s agenda.
I will explain what I mean. In public policy there are three things that must happen. The first is there must be a streamline of economics for the greater society. Second, there must be a discipline of knowledge. Third there must be a between state management collaboratives. With these policy measures in place, the goal is to apply operational and functional measures to the local and state levels. The housing and shelter system domestic public policy is limited and centers on regulations across states addressing facility management; 45 CFR Subtitle B - Subtitle B—Regulations Relating to Public Welfare.
Governance as a collective does not work for the purpose of the responsibility of a person or the social contract via the shelter system. And jurisprudence does not speak yet in the collective harm of persons faces while in the shelter system. Finally, congress does not pass laws om need base, such as shelter housing. And has in many cases doubled any piece of legislation to many of the social nuances such as poverty, family issues, welfare, and the penal system as it pertains to economics housing and the shelter system.
But this is a great problem. “Joseph Schumpeter, one of the most celebrated social scientists of the twentieth century...The March into socialism.” Foreswearing any presence of absolute knowledge of the future. The political economy would be lodged into a “halfway house” short of full-fledged socialism” (Higgs, R., 2012, p. 219). It is important here to identify what there are loopholes in the shelter system under administrative law.
Economics and housing loopholes in the shelter policy
Citizens expect local elected and appointed officials to make, implement, and evaluate public policy. In recent years, citizens' efforts to increase the economics of society have grown from the result of two national's economic hiccups' recession and the COVID-19's. The impact on life. circumstances shifted in many people's lives. Any levies that would support these shocks became and, in many states, unresponsive to the greater need of the people. Especially those whose lives depend on the service means tested benefits and government assistance.
Therefore, these two-no fault social nuances impact on the shelter system has become a place of refuge for many people, some domestic and some foreign. There are systemic resources to programs and development. And then there is the responsibility of the person and their personal economic ability (Ocejo, R. E. ,2013). The agency of governance and jurisprudence must expound upon and be settled with the understanding that the rights of the people must be contextual first. And that any other explanation for the law of the land must come from the powers of that position.
The loopholes rest in the process of governance and jurisprudence because of lack of democracy in the construct of the un-written constitution and the open nature to language. the economic housing to shelter problem lack polity to law. And the only answer to engaging destitute people is to chattel them in public facilities. Governance rights of the people are agencies where models state governance is not able to implement a working plan that will give individuals the rights to life, liberty, and freedom.
In other words, destitute, indigent, and socially marred persons who lack the ability through no fault of their own independently seek an absolute plan that would afford them economic housing in a system implemented due to emergency because of a domestic or global unrest on the nation. No democracy. The existing constitutional order has become subject to social disorder and unrest (Renan, D., 2020). For instance, the limited state collaboratives in means tested benefits research. Research shows that that foci's the function of the economies and fails to push any agenda other than a social welfare one. Research that does not impute an independence for social reduction to shelters as an unstable resource yet is used as reliable means to state economic streams.
Equally important is the knowledge needed for the purpose of a democratic society. If this knowledge is not a shared venue, then the ability to support the service means will be missed. And economic society is not a socialist one. What is known in the shelter system as a collective measure, it provides emergency services. However, it fails to meet the standards of the Supreme Court of the 1930’s as a housing emergency. Remember the language in this policy issue is homelessness and the shelter system. as a welfare economic democracy and not a social welfare problem.
When looking at it from an extended or correlated public policy. This would be policy for tax breaks (employment, development, and state balance). The limitations or red tape that must be addressed often are undone agreements and noise research. Left with no governance, a person's ability to independent economic factors is unreachable. Unless done so with extra strain and duress. This is because the systemic operation of facilities does not allow for an independent focus. But a collective nature of the service-to-service bases. In this case the system itself becomes handicap or disabling. Exiting the shelter system via an economic housing plan from a service provider hinged upon their relationship with the housing authority (Teasdale, S., 2012; Yaroni, A., 2011).
Conclusion
The Supreme law of the land rests in the constitution. In this the people trust the leadership to do as a democracy would. Ensure that their rights as a nation are being upheld with the greatest efforts. However, when the democracy itself is of question and the only understanding is to place it in the lens outside of the public good, especially when there is no alternative, presents an unstable unity.
It is the agency and the collective order of society to work for the greater good. Public agencies should agree to work with servant agencies because it is the way of democracy. However, when this democracy is challenged as an agency, it brings about a discourse that may not always fit soundly into the existing fabric. in this case the paper discussed the shelter system. Then we find that there is the construct of newnewnses that does not always allow for an inclusive outlook and the collective means.
I am speaking about how the constitutional order to economic housing and the shelter system works to develop an independent response to a responsible society. The New Deal program was to be that solution during which the nation felt that “Unemployment is the greatest economic problem that government controls and fiscal policies can and should be used to redistribute income... that the constitution places no limits on federal regulatory powers” p. (193). But we have yet to see an inclusive national turn from active shelter services to economic housing impact.
Currently scholarly works do not address this problem through the economic housing and shelter system and homelessness. The ideology of the language being interchange to an economic standard as not become a part of the un-written constitution nor the process for governance and jurisprudence. The contribution to future research is a limited explanation to the problems and issues found in the red tape of complete system with no solution to improving the national shelter system policy (Smith, C., 2022). The recommendation for a more In depth study should be conducted.
Appendix A
Global search | LII | Legal Information Institute (cornell.edu)
Shelter and housing standards. LII Electronic Code of Federal Regulations (e-CFR) Title 24—Housing and Urban Development Subtitle B—Regulations Relating to Housing and Urban Development.
CHAPTER V—OFFICE OF ASSISTANT SECRETARY FOR COMMUNITY PLANNING AND DEVELOPMENT, DEPARTMENT OF HOUSING AND URBAN DEVELOPMENT
SUBCHAPTER C—COMMUNITY FACILITIES
PART 576—EMERGENCY SOLUTIONS GRANTS PROGRAM
Subpart E—Program Requirements
§ 576.403 Shelter and housing standards.
WaterSense products and appliances. (2) Access. The shelter must be accessible in accordance with Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act (29 U.S.C. 794) and implementing regulations at 24
Amdt5.9.5 Early Jurisprudence on Regulatory Takings
Fifth Amendment:
24 CFR § 576.403 - Shelter and housing standards
12 CFR § 220.124 - Installment sale of tax-shelter programs as “arranging” for credit.
ArtI.S8.C18.7.3 Congress's Investigation and Oversight Powers (1787–1864)
ArtIII.S3.C1.4 Aid and Comfort to the Enemy as Treason
Article III, Section 3, Clause 1:
ArtIV.S3.C2.1 Property Clause Generally
Article IV, Section 3, Clause 2:
ArtIV.S3.C2.1 Property Clause Generally
Article IV, Section 3, Clause 2:
45 CFR Subtitle B - Subtitle B—Regulations Relating to Public Welfare
Appendix B
Congress.Gov https://www.congress.gov/bill/117th-congress/house-bill/1319
Current Congressional Bills
Became Law
H.R.1319 - American Rescue Plan Act of 2021117th Congress (2021-2022)
Democracy
S.2971 - Unhoused VOTE Act118th Congress (2023-2024)
H.R.5294 - Unhoused Voter Opportunity Through Elections Act118th Congress (2023-2024)
Bill for Private enterprise
H.R.4305 - Shelter Act118th Congress (2023-2024)
State Regulatory Amendments
SCHOOLS NOT SHELTERS ACT; Congressional Record Vol. 169, No. 123
(House - July 18, 2023)
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Resources
Chatterjee, U., Shaw, R., Sivaramakrishnan, L., Mukherjee, J., & Ghosh, R. (2024). Homelessness to Hope: Research, Policy and Global Perspectives. (1st ed.). Elsevier.
Clifford, S., & Piston, S. (2017). Explaining Public Support for Counterproductive Homelessness Policy: The Role of Disgust. Political Behavior, 39(2), 503-525. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11109-016-9366-4
Frohnen, B. P. & Carey, G. W. (2016). Constitutional Morality and the Rise of Quasi-Law. Harvard University Press. ISBN: 9780674088870.
Gangi, W. (1998). From Parchment to Power: How James Madison Used the Bill of Rights to Save the Constitution. Perspectives on Political Science, 27(2), 104. https://go.openathens.net/redirector/liberty.edu?url=https://www.proquest.com/scholarly-journals/parchment-power-how-james-madison-used-bill/docview/194693456/se-2
Glassmana, M., Karnob, D., Erdema, G. (2010) The problems and barriers of RHYA as social policy. Children and youth services review., 2010, Vol.32(6), p.798-806
Available Online DOI: 10.1016/j.childyouth.2010.01.017
Hamburger, P. (2014). Is administrative law unlawful? The University of Chicago Press
Higgs, R. (2012). Crisis and Leviathan: Critical Episodes in the Growth of American Government. Independent Institute. ISBN: 9781598131116.
Kiesler, C. A. (1991). Homelessness and public policy priorities. American Psychologist., 46(11), 1245–1252. https://doi.org/10.1037/0003-066X.46.11.1245
Ocejo, R. E. (2013). Ethnography and the city : readings on doing urban fieldwork. Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203723807
Peppercorn, I. G., & Taffin, C. (2013). Rental housing: lessons from international experience and policies for emerging markets. The World Bank.
Reppond, H.A. and Bullock, H.E. (2018), Framing Homeless Policy: Reducing Cash Aid as a Compassionate Solution. Analyses of Social Issues and Public Policy, 18: 284-306. https://doi.org/10.1111/asap.12156
Renan, D. (2020). “Institutional Settlement” in a Provisional Constitutional Order. California Law Review., 108(6). https://doi.org/10.15779/Z38804XK6V
Smith, C. (2022). Homelessness and housing advocacy: the role of red-tape warriors. Routledge Books. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781003050872
Strang, L. J. (2019). Originalism's Promise: A Natural Law Account of the American Constitution. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press
SURVEY FINDS LACK OF AFFORDABLE HOUSING THE LEADING CAUSE OF HOMELESSNESS IN THE UNITED STATES. (2005). Journal of Housing and Community Development, 62(2), 14. https://go.openathens.net/redirector/liberty.edu?url=https://www.proquest.com/trade-journals/survey-finds-lack-affordable-housing-leading/docview/230129865/se-2
Whittington, K. E. (2017). THE PLACE OF CONGRESS IN THE CONSTITUTIONAL ORDER. Harvard Journal of Law and Public Policy, 40(3), 573-601. https://go.openathens.net/redirector/liberty.edu?url=https://www.proquest.com/scholarly-journals/place-congress-constitutional-order/docview/1914089586/se-2
Whittington, K. (2021). The Role of Norms in Our Constitutional Order. Harvard Journal of Law & Public Policy, 44(1), 17+. https://link.gale.com/apps/doc/A651178650/GBIB?u=vic_liberty&sid=summon&xid=fb0fb999
Williams, N. A. (2021). Contempt for Oversight and Investigation: Congressional Contemnors, the Grand Jury, and Constitutional Order. The Georgetown Journal of Law & Public Policy., 19(2).
Yaroni, A. (2011). The Low Income Housing Tax Credit Program: Issues of allocations and locations (Order No. AAI3425223). Available from Social Science Premium Collection. (1018354473; 201223292). https://go.openathens.net/redirector/liberty.edu?url=https://www.proquest.com/dissertations-theses/low-income-housing-tax-credit-program-issues/docview/1018354473/se-2
Teasdale, S. (2012). Negotiating Tensions: How Do Social Enterprises in the Homelessness Field Balance Social and Commercial Considerations? Housing Studies, 27(4), 514–532. https://doi.org/10.1080/02673037.2012.677015
Civil Rights and Social Justice
It all begins with an idea.
Memo
April 10, 2024
CIVIL RIGHTS AND SOCIAL JUSTICE
Commission on Homeless (VOLUNTEER)
Randolph, S. 2024
Topic: The Christian and Submitting to a Human Government
Question
Can Todd, who is a Christian, should or should not submit to the governing authorities?
Answer
Yes, the legislature passes a mandated reporting provision law that makes it a criminal misdemeanor for anyone who has knowledge of such a theft and does not report it to the authorities.
Facts
The state legislature passes a law that makes stealing anything valued under $100 a second-degree felony that is punishable by a minimum mandatory prison sentence of 5 years. As Todd walks into the downtown Starbucks, a homeless man approaches Todd and tells him that he has not eaten in two days. The man begs Todd to buy him something to eat. Todd tells the homeless man “no” and walks inside to buy an espresso macchiato. Feeling guilty about turning down the homeless man’s request for food, Todd decides to surprise him and buy an egg and cheddar breakfast sandwich. As Todd walks outside to give him the food, he sees the homeless man stealing a bacon and gouda breakfast sandwich from an outside table of a customer who had just walked inside to get some extra napkins
In the lecture this week Professor Tchividjian states the criminal deserves an advocate, and the advocate has the responsibility to uphold justice for the criminal; every man has the right to due justice, that is accused. But in the end, it is God that Judges the man's actions. Professor continues to say, “that every sinner gets an advocate,” Jesus is that advocate, He pursues justice for the unrightfully accused, or is it the unjust?
Discussion
The article written by Bob Deffenbaugh argued systems of authority (Governance), obedience, compliance, and cooperation. That as people we find it easier to follow our own rules when addressing each other but follow the governing rule when need one needs too. Deffenbaugh talks about how there are two authorities, the customs conventions that run in a system law becomes the law of the people v. the law of the Governance. So, the question s thread asks about the moral obedience of man to the law of Governance v. the law of the Christen moral.
How does the Gospel Relate to Criminal? Justice, Advocacy, and Love. We as Christians are to uphold the Gospel by living under the rules God gave, and to obey them. Isiah 61:8 I the Lord love Justice, John 2:1 “Jesus as Chief Advocate for advocacy”, and finally love Mark Chapter 12 the “The greatest commandments are love.”
Argument
Rule of Law
Joshua Dressler (2018) 99 The “voluntary act” rule stated § 2.01 of the Model Penal code applies to liability of crimes i.e., felonies, misdemeanors, and petty mis, However misdemeanor § 2.05(1) of the Code provides that the requirements set out in § 2.01 do not apply to offenses that constitute “violation” unless a court determines that application of § 2.01 is “consistent with effective enforcement of the law defining the “offense” a “violation is an offense for which the maximum penalty is a fine or civil penalty…the drafters of the Code determined that litigation of involuntary-act claims should not be permitted to undermine effective law enforcement.
Russell L. Weaver John M Berkoff Catherine Hancock, (2018) 72 Omission Liability the common law imposes only limited legal duties that give rise to the criminal liability for an omission to act. The failure of the law to impose liability based on “moral “duties may be explained by the inherent difficulties of defining the limitations of such duties
(2018) [B] 99 Exception to the Rule § 9.05 voluntary Act: Model Penal Code see also §9.06 Omission: General Principles “not every moral obligation to act crates a concomitant legal duty. Subject to a few limited exceptions, a person has no criminal law duty to prevent har to another, even if she can do at no risk to herself, and even if the person imperiled may lose herself in the absence of the assistance.”
See also 101 “[C] Defense of the General Rule If it is difficult to determine a non-acts mental state or degree of contribution to resulting harem there is a chance risk that a jury will incorrectly resolve these issues the risk of punishing a legally innocent person is substantially enhanced in omission cases.”
Todd’s act of kindness supported a homeless person in need. The common law duty of states with voluntary aid, or the statutory duty including bad Samaritan; laws. In turning down a man who needed aid, it causes the actions of the individual to become that of a crime. By Todd observance of the act, statue of law he must report the crime.
Rule Application
On the other hand, Todd does not have to aid the person I will have to go with the status defense; Weaver, Berkoff, Hancock (2018) 73 status crimes’ §9.03 [A] Poorly Drafted Statues. The question becomes is this statue unrealistic, should Todd have to handle his actions. I question what social harm he is committing in omission of the report is. Dressler, (2018) voluntary act Model Penal Code [B].
The application of law
Defense Argument
Id., (2018) Status Crimes the Supreme Court relied on the Eight Amendment to invalidate a statue that made it a crime to “be addicted to the use of narcotics.” The law created a “status crime” because it punished an illness and required on proof of an act, such as the use of possession of drugs. This ruling provided some constitutional recognition of the fundamental nature of the voluntary act requirement. However, the court limited the scope of this ruling by later upholding a statute, that made it a crime to be “found in a state of intoxication in a public place.” Reasoning that this statute did not penalize a status crime because it required an act.
In the case of Supra (2018) 96 Powell v. Texas Powell v. Texas 392 U. S 514 ,88S Ct. 2145, 20 L. ED. 2d 1254 (1968) “A state may not constitutionally punish a person for non-conduct, i.e., punish a person for her thoughts or her status, even if the person thoughts are status are dangerous. Some conduct by the defendant is constitutionally needed to punish a person.” It could be explained, because you cannot punish a homeless man for being homeless, but you can punish his/her criminal acts i.e., staling in this scenario. So, the defense asks you cannot punish a man for being a consumer, but you can punish him for not reporting a crime.
False, I disagree you cannot punish a man for a non-social harm, I would argue the courts to see id., (2018) 45 Robinson v. state of California Robinson v. state of California 370 U.S. 660, 82 S. Ct. 1417, 8 L. ED. 2d 758 (1962) Where the state found that the status of the man as an addict is not criminal however the act of the obtaining the drugs is.
Conclusion
If Todd had seen a homeless man in a social harm, then it would be relevant for the court to see the crime as utilitarian and punitive to society. However, the act in question of not reporting of a misdemeanor is a statue that is poorly drafted status offenses for common person reasonable and innocent. And the courts should therefore rule in favor of Todd and human Governance on the grounds of criminal liability, not my brother’s keeper and the commission by omission violative of the legality principle and §9.01 Social Harm Constitutional Limits 112 “Constitutional provision limit the extent to which a legislature may properly prohibit socially harmful conduct. The Supreme Court has held that the First Amendment bars a Legislature from making it a crime of,” ethics and moral against any persons such as freedom of speech and liberty. Here justice for the Todd should rest on his ability to help the homeless man even though the thought came after he denied him help. He followed the law of love given by God and advocated by Christ.
References
Bob Deffinbough (ND) The Christian and Civil Government Romans (13:1-7) From the Series Romans the Righteousness of God (web page) www.http:// bible.org/seriespage/33-christian-and-civil-government-romans-131-7
Joshua Dressler (2018) Understanding Criminal Law Eight Edition Carolina Academic Press, NC
Russell L. Weaver, John M Burkoff, Catherine Hancock (2018) Criminal Law A Contemporary Approach Third Edition West Academic Publishing
King James Bible (1611) London England
Agency
It all begins with an idea.
Agency
Sylvia Randolph (2021)
In an article by Eric Rasmusen p. 4. ¶ , 3 “in order to prove agency by estoppple, the following elements must be established: (1) intentional or negligent acts of commission or omission by the alleged principal with made the appearance of authority with the agent; (2) reasonable and good faith reliance on the appearance of authority in the punitive agent by the third party; and (3) a detrimental change in position by the third party due to the reliance on the agent’s apparent authority (Minskoff Equities v. American Express, 1995 )” (2004)
The example case given represented the best remedy in dealing with the undisclosed liability. The full responsibility of the principal including authority and economic duty in principle, agent relationship is crucial to third party business. In this case the principal failed in their role to ensure all lines were connected or not, with authority. If the principal had made such effort to monitor the business efforts then error would not have happened where the id., p. 406 “applying the least cost avoider principle reduces complexity” (2004) third party would not have changed their position, suing both the principal and the agent for payment.
Eric Rasmusen, Agency Law and Contract Formation 6 Am. L. & Econ. Rev. 369 (2004) Agency Law and Contract FormationOxford University Press: http://aler.oxfordjournals.org.ezproxy.liberty.edu/, issn1465-7260
Blog Post Title Four
It all begins with an idea.
It all begins with an idea. Maybe you want to launch a business. Maybe you want to turn a hobby into something more. Or maybe you have a creative project to share with the world. Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference.
Don’t worry about sounding professional. Sound like you. There are over 1.5 billion websites out there, but your story is what’s going to separate this one from the rest. If you read the words back and don’t hear your own voice in your head, that’s a good sign you still have more work to do.
Be clear, be confident and don’t overthink it. The beauty of your story is that it’s going to continue to evolve and your site can evolve with it. Your goal should be to make it feel right for right now. Later will take care of itself. It always does.